·Muffle Furnace：

A muffle furnace is a high-temperature furnace designed to keep materials inside a sealed chamber (the muffle) in order to protect them from the immediate environment. This type of furnace is commonly used in laboratories for heating and testing samples that need to be protected from changes in temperature, oxidation, or contamination. The muffle acts as an insulating barrier, allowing for precise temperature control and minimizing the risk of introducing outside elements to the heated material. Muffle furnaces are typically used in ashing, annealing, and sintering applications, and can reach temperatures up to 1,200°C or higher.